Today, 132 years ago, a renowned poet Gibran Khalil Gibran's full name was born into the world. Born in Bashari, Lebanon (then entered in the Syrian province of the Ottoman Empire) spent most of their productive time in the United States (US).
Bashari is an area that is often visited by hurricanes, earthquakes and lightning. No wonder that since childhood, the eyes of the man known as Kahlil Gibran already accustomed to capture the natural phenomena. This is what will matter much to the writings about nature.
At the age of 10, with his mother and two younger sister, the man who was born on January 6, 1883 it moved to Boston, Massachusetts, USA. No wonder when then small Gibran suffered shock in the new culture, such as that experienced by many other immigrants who came to the United States tumbled in the late 19th century.
Gibran cheerfulness in the public school in Boston, filled with a period of acculturation, the language and style established by the American life style. However, the process of Americanization Gibran only lasted for three years after he returned to Beirut to carry out studies at the College de la Sagasse - Maronite Catholic high school - in 1899 until 1902.
During early adolescence, his vision of the homeland and its future began to take shape.
The Ottomans were already weak, hypocritical nature of the church organization, and the role of the West Asian women were just as servant, inspiring outlook that is then poured into his works in Arabic.
Kahlil Gibran leave his homeland again when he was 19 years old, but his mind could never escape from Lebanon who later became his inspiration to work.
In Boston he wrote about his country to express himself. It then just give him the freedom to combine two different cultural experiences into one.
Gibran wrote his first drama in Paris from 1901 to 1902. When the age of 20 years. His first work, "Spirits Rebellious" is written in Boston and published in New York City - contains 4 contemporary story as harsh satire attacking corrupt people he saw. As a result, Gibran received a penalty in the form of exclusion from the Maronite church - although considered a voice of hope and deliverance for the oppressed in Western Asia.
The days of making himself over in Paris fragmented when Gibran received word from the Consulate General of Turkey, that a tragedy has devastated his family. The youngest sister was 15 years old, Sultana, died of tuberculosis.
Gibran right back to Boston. His brother, Peter, a shop assistant who became the foundation of life and his mother's brothers also died of tuberculosis. Mothers who revere and adore, Kamilah, also had died of a malignant tumor. Only her sister, Marianna remaining, and he was often haunted by disease and poverty families.
The death of beloved family members that occurred between March and June 1903. Gibran and his brother then had to survive both.
His life financed by his brother
In the early years of their life together, Marianna finance the publication of the works of Gibran with money from sewing in Miss Teahan's Gowns. Thanks to the hard work of his brother, Gibran can continue a career in the world of art and literature.
In 1908 Gibran stopover in Paris again. Here he lived happy that routinely receive enough money from Mary Haskell, a woman school principal who was 10 years older, but is known to have a special relationship with him since I was living in Boston.
From 1909 until 1910, he studied at the School of Beaux Arts and the Julian Academy. Back to Boston, Gibran set up a studio in West Cedar Street in the town of Beacon Hill. He also took over the financing of his family.
In 1911, Gibran moved to New York. There he worked in the apartment at 51 West Tenth Street - a building that was deliberately set up as a studio where he painted and wrote.
Masterpiece
Prior to 1912, the work of the philosopher's "Broken Wings" was published in Arabic. This book tells the story of love Selma Karami to his students. However, Selma was forced into his own nephew's fiancee, before finally married to a husband who is an opportunist bishop. Gibran's work is often regarded as an autobiography.
The influence of "Broken Wings" was very big in the Arab world, due to be the first Arab women are subordinated have the opportunity to speak that they are the wives who have the right to protest against the power structure set out in marriage.
The first print "Broken Wings" is dedicated to Mary Haskell.
Gibran was very productive and lives to experience a lot of difference in subsequent years. In addition to writing in Arabic, he also continues to refine and develop their English language acquisition kesenimanannya. When a major war in Lebanon, Gibran became an observer from the nongovernmental for the Syrian people who live in America.
When Gibran adult, his views on the East dimmed. Pierre Loti, a French novelist, which is very enamored with the Eastern world on Gibran once said, if it's so pathetic! Knowingly or not, Gibran indeed have learned to admire the greatness of the West.
Prior to 1918, Gibran was ready to launch his first work in English, "The Madman", "His Parables and Poems".
Close friendship between Mary depicted in "The Madman". After "The Madman", a book Gibran whose English is "Twenty Drawing" (1919) "The Forerunne" (1920) and "The Prophet" (1923), the works it is a way for him to understand the world as adults and as school students in Lebanon - written in Arabic, but not published, and then expanded again to be rewritten in English in 1918-1922.
Prior to the publication of "The Prophet", the close relationship between Mary and Gibran started is unclear. Mary proposed Florance Minis, a wealthy businessman from Georgia that offers a luxurious life and urged him to relinquish responsibility for education.
Although the relationship of Mary and Gibran was initially characterized by a variety of considerations and discussions about the possibility of their marriage, but basically the principles of Mary has been a lot different with Gibran. Their impatience in fostering close relationships and their rejection of matrimony clearly had crept into the relationship. Mary eventually receive Florance Minis.
In 1920, as quoted from Gibran.com Kahlil, Gibran founded an association called Arrabithah Arab writer Al Alamia (Association of Writers). The purpose of this bond overhauling the stagnant Arab literature.
Along with the rising reputation of Gibran, he has many admirers. One of them is Barbara Young, who knew after reading "The Prophet".
Barbara Yung is an English teacher and owner of a bookstore. He lived in New York for 8 years, and active in the studio Gibran.
Gibran complete the "Sand and Foam" 1926, and "Jesus the Son of Man" in 1928. He also read his plays, "Lazarus" on January 6, 1929.
After that Gibran completing "The Earth Gods" in 1931. His other works "The Wanderer", which has been in the hands of Mary, published anonymously in 1932 - after his death. Also his other writings "The Garden of the Propeth".
Death
On 10 April 1931 around 23:00, Gibran died. His body has long encroached liver cirrhosis and tuberculosis, but this time he refused to be hospitalized. On the last morning, he was taken to St. Vincent's Hospital in Greenwich Village.
The next day, her sister, Marianna sent a telegram to Mary in Savannah to proclaim the death of the poet. Although the need to care for her husband who was also ill, Mary still took time to mourn Gibran.
The body of Gibran then buried on August 21 in Mar Sarkis (today Gibran Museum), a convent where Gibran never worship.
After the death of Gibran, Barbara Young was the one who knows the ins and outs of studio, heritage and legacy land Gibran.
On the other hemisphere oada same date in 1942, the airline Pan American Airlines made history by becoming the first commercial airline serving the route around the earth.
While on January 6th, 2009, Israel launched its first attack on the Gaza Strip.
